What key difference distinguishes a dialect from an accent?

A dialect includes not only variations in pronunciation but also differences in vocabulary, grammar, and usage specific to a particular region or social group. This broader scope can encompass distinct phrases and grammatical structures that are characteristic of a community. In contrast, an accent refers specifically to the way words are pronounced, which does not necessarily change the fundamental structure of the language being used.

While accents may vary widely even within the same dialect, they do not involve changes in vocabulary or grammar. For example, speakers in different regions might pronounce the same word differently (accent), but may also use different terms or grammatical forms altogether (dialect). This distinction is vital in understanding how language functions across different populations and is crucial for speech-language pathology in assessing social and linguistic identity.